Libor Scandal 2014

Question: Consider the libor embarrassment 2014 which numerous banks of the uk banks were engaged with .investigate the reasons for this outrage and assess the effect? Answer: Presentation: Libor represents the London Interbank Offered Rate. It is the rate at which banks can get assets from one another. Beforehand it was known as BBA Libor (for British Bankers Association). Libor is commonly characterized as a benchmark financing cost through which banks can loan unbound assets to one another. This rate is likewise distributed by the British Bankers Association. Libor is determined against ten distinct monetary forms and fifteen unique developments that is the reason Libor is considered as a worldwide benchmark to loan transient financing costs. Eighteen banks took an interest for the US Dollar Libor. The Libor rate being a worldwide benchmark, it is utilized for giving home loans, credits and other money related items exchanged far and wide. In this manner an endeavor was made to make the current market for work rate. That prompted increment in the benefits and it made a bit of leeway over others. The work Scandal emerged with the way that banks began getting mindful about loaning credits to each other and this reason prompted expanding Libor rate. The higher the rate that they were charged to obtain, the more probable a bank was to fall. Libor rate influenced the worldwide obtaining on the grounds that numerous banks utilized Libor as a base rate against financing costs on corporate and customer advances. As indicated by US Commodities Future Trading Commission, many trillions of dollars were connected to Libor which included auto and home credits. It was additionally essential to take note of that banks engaged with protections business were bound to fall flat. From realities it was seen that 5000 banks bombed in the 1920s.During the Great Depression over 25% banks fizzled and even some were shut down. Banks associated with the LIBOR Scandal: The American banks those were incorporated as the board for fixing US dollars was The Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase and Citibank, NA. Aside from this 16 other non-US banks were associated with the US dollar fixing in London. These banks are: HSBC, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd, and of Nova Scotia, BNP Paribas, Barclays, Deutsche Bank, Credit Agricole CIB, Credit Suisse, Rabobank, Royal bank of Canada, Lloyds TSB Bank plc, UBS AG, The Royal bank of Scotland gathering, The Norinchukin Bank, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (Hou, 2015). Reasons for Libor Scandal: The LIBOR Scandal was gotten by the GFC so that Barclays could keep up its reliability in the market. It was likewise discovered that the control was not simply limited to the supervisors and brokers in Barclays, yet in addition took into account different banks in US too throughout the years. The LIBOR embarrassment was brought about by the controllers and rebel representatives who even represent a stop to the legislature also. This outrage was considered as a type of value fixing. The response to the reason for this issue was suspecticious due to the nearness of ideological groups and issues. There were no standard working methodology and they didn't keep the law (https://www.clpuk.co.uk, 2015). Contention of the Libor Scandal: There was a contention with this outrage controls was finished by Barclays in the cost entries that lead to cutting back of their money related wellbeing and along these lines they couldn't make any benefit out of it. It was additionally called attention to that dealers were put in the middle of with direct correspondence and this made the brokers to be influenced. This carried an understanding by the brokers to set the work rates according to comfort (Claudio, 2014). Effect of the Libor Scandal: LIBOR had following effect on the financings in the US. Libor settles on the pace of premium that can be balanced alongside private home loans utilized, for example, insurance for subsidiary protections which are sold both in the private and open commercial centers. It additionally sets the pace of enthusiasm for the following time frame by which gliding bonds can be sold inside or outside US. The remarkable bonds are fundamentally to be recovered as and when the universal financings are given. All the procedures of the bonds are coordinated of the backer in Guaranteed Investment Contracts (GICs). This was a piece of the speculation offered by monetary assistance organizations. There were two primary types of control that were found. Right off the bat brokers were recognized to ask Barclays representatives to change their rates. Also activities were taken to improve the monetary wellbeing controlling the rates descending. It was anticipated that the new rate estimation will be founded on expanding paces of loan cost in the market. It was additionally proposed to make the rates straightforward in the market for universal use (LBC, 2015). Punishments for the Libor Scandal: Certain measure of fine was forced against control of the Libor rates. Barclays Bank was fined $200 million by the Commodity Futures exchanging Commission, the United States Department of Justice fined $160 million and 59.5 Euros by the Financial Services Authority. During the worldwide money related emergency of 2007-2012, the financing costs were made lower (When the Bollinger investors' air pockets burst, 2013). Guideline and Sanctions made by the administration on Libor Scandal: There was a need of work rate control that was accounted for by the Wall Street Journal in 2011. It was fundamental for the administration to roll out vital improvements in type of corrections to the Parliament or Banking Reform Bill. The administration needed to control the believability of LIBOR by formally supplanting British Banking Association as operational head and this likewise reestablish the notoriety of LIBOR in advertise (Horton, 2012). Procedure and reason for how banks set their LIBOR rates: The way toward fixing or setting the LIBOR rates is straightforward and basic as per the BBA LIBOR 2013. Certain inquiries were brought up in the market as indicated by which the business was to be directed. It was additionally important to indicate the rate at which assets could be acquired which is before the market size too. All the commitment from the banks included are considered for delivering the last Libor rate in the market inside every cash. These last official rates are then distributed by Thomson Reutors who is considered as the assigned merchant of these rates. After that it is made accessible to a great many banks far and wide (Voxeu.org, 2015). The authority LIBOR rates are utilized by the banks itself as benchmarks for the clients as well as aides in the settlement of agreements. For instance developing loan fee contracts on subordinates trades. In this manner Libor rate is considered as an essential component of the global money related arrangement of world. The following stage is to make profit these rates to be checked and analyzed by the Foreign Exchange and Money Market Committee. The sub advisory groups assume a urgent job in deciding and unraveling vital issues identified with the disciplinary activities and LIBOR accommodation process also. It was resolved that there was a straightforward computation system that was generally utilized and considered as quality for over-the-counter subsidiaries. Job of Libor in the Commercial Sector: The pretended by the LIBOR rate was for the most part to fill in as a benchmark rate for financing of credits and assets over the world. The rate was utilized as an obligation instrument to the corporate securities and government, Mastercards, advances given to the understudies, and furthermore as a subsidiary to other monetary items. It likewise assists with computing the current condition of the financial framework that is being worked on the planet (Yeung, 2013). Effect of LIBOR on its own business and customers: Libor rate turned into a focal point of noteworthiness in deciding the credit arrangements. It represents a degree of certainty that banks have on each other. The rate at which banks charge on advances and home loans relies upon the capacity at which banks can fund-raise too. In the event that there is a sure increment in the level of pounds it can add to many family units. On the off chance that banks can get all the more efficiently, at that point there is no compelling reason to offer great returns. For instance in the event that the base rate was 2 percent, at that point Libor would be 2.1 percent (BBC News, 2013). It is exceptionally basic for a shopper to realize which rates are tied up with Libor. Customers must know the first terms and conditions for it. The Libor rate influenced the budgetary markets too. It was vital for the banks to know to think about the genuine acquiring and loaning rates. The national bank ought to have checked the rates as needs be as Libor does. The new temporary workers needed an exchange based benchmark for the Libor component to work alongside the current contractual workers also. Libor was currently considered as an instrument to check how solid a bank is and it additionally delineates which banks are esteemed with poor money related wellbeing (Gatarek, Bachert and Maksymiuk, 2006). End: It very well may be reasoned that proposals should have been given for improving the rates forced by the Libor rate that can be actualized in UK sooner rather than later. The Libor Scandal contention diminished the conditions of the market action and this prompted trading of file for the time being. This helped banks to make transient exchanges. It was additionally important to guarantee a progressively dependable benchmarking framework that would improve the subsidizing expenses of the banks. This likewise empowered to give a lawful perspective to make it increasingly straightforward and open to the budgetary business. References BBC News, (2013).Timeline: Libor-fixing embarrassment. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-18671255 [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Board on Foreign Relations, (2015).Understanding the Libor Scandal. [online] Available at: https://www.cfr.org/joined realm/understanding-libor-embarrassment/p28729 [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Gatarek, D., Bachert, P. what's more, Maksymiuk, R. (2006).The LIBOR showcase model by and by. Chichester, England: John Wiley Sons. Worldwide Research, (201

Accountant Necessities free essay sample

They help can assist you with financing and whatever else, for example, charge and so forth. Bookkeepers ensure that they give you the assist you with requiring before they let you escape their vision. I myself additionally needed to work at a bank. I generally had anticipates setting off for college and get my degree to turn into the Accountant I needed to turn into. There are a wide range of individuals in life who do things that can profit others by helping them from numerous points of view. Your pleasure is your fun and pride. Everybody have their own particular manner of making the right decision and there are so who don’t care what they do. You need to make progress toward the best so as to be the best and you need to do consummate in whatever you do. Bookkeepers work superbly with regards to financing, charge reparations, records, and speculators. They are on moment that it goes to their work. We will compose a custom article test on Bookkeeper Necessities or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page They have a great deal of administrative work to do yet as long as you do what is asked of you to do then you will complete your activity. It is astounding when you can discover a bank that will permit you to get credits for significant things that you have to get for yourself and help you out with things, for example, your service bills and different things that should be gotten. Everybody needs a little assistance throughout everyday life. There are times when individuals battle and they wonder how they are going to make it. There is something in me that cause me to feel so upset for individuals like that. My thing about that is I attempt to help them in all over. I intend to turn into a bookkeeper later on. There are numerous parts of being a bookkeeper. Bookkeepers become the estimation, exposure, and furthermore the arrangement while profiting with business. I will have the option to go before money related data, financial specialists, and duty experts throughout everyday life. You need to give life your all despite the fact that there are things that may follow. Bookkeepers must be exceptionally gifted specialists for the activity. You need to recognize what you are doing and you must have understanding. Regardless of what you do you must have the capacity Accountants to show what you can do on that activity. Accountancies are individuals who are responsible for a ton of things throughout everyday life. Your fantasies are the only things that are in any way important and you need to give a valiant effort to contact them. Once in a while people love to see others down, yet you don’t get no place being that way. Bookkeepers are required to observe a lot of rules and guidelines at the work environment. Those guidelines and guidelines are Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. An organization is permitted break down monetary execution of the business. There are numerous words that follow bookkeeping and they are recorded as a blend of aptitudes and pride. A business ought to be perceived as an image for help and need.

Yellow Ribbon Program Instructions 2012 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Yellow Ribbon Program Instructions 2012 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs provides significant financial aid opportunities to students who served in the U.S. Armed Forces on or after September 11, 2001, as well as the dependents of these veterans. More information about the bill’s benefits and eligibility requirements is available at http://www.gibill.va.gov/. In addition, through an initiative authorized by the Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act, higher education institutions can provide eligible student veterans with a tuition waiver or grant that is matched by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. This program, known as the Yellow Ribbon Program, enhances the base tuition benefits provided by the Post-9/11 GI Bill for those students that qualify at the 100% level for the Post 9/11 GI Bill. SIPA is happy to participate in the Yellow Ribbon Program.    Qualifying veterans and qualifying dependents of veterans may apply for consideration beginning Friday, June 15,  2012, at 1p.m. EDT.   Under the Post 9/11 GI Bill, eligibility for the Yellow Ribbon Program is determined on a first-come, first-served basis.   The application will be available at:   http://sipa.columbia.edu/resources_services/financial_aid/index.html.     Please check the site on June 15th. For details about the Yellow Ribbon Program, visit The U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs website.   If you have questions about your eligibility level for The Post 9/11 GI Bill, please contact the VA at www.va.gov or 1-888-442-4551.   For general information about  veteran affairs at Columbia University, please visit: www.veteranaffairs.columbia.edu.

The Effect Of Smoking Reduction On Lung Cancer Risk

Week 4: Assignment List Instructions: All of your answers should be written on this document. Please save the document (last name, first name) and upload it to the digital drop box. 1. Citation Exercise 1 Create a reference for each source listed below in proper APA format. - Write a reference for a book. Delivering Happiness: A Path to Profits, Passion, and Purpose by Tony Hsieh (2010). Answer: Hsieh, T. (2010).Delivering happiness: A path to profits, passion, and purpose - Write a reference for a journal article. In 2005 Nina Godtfredsen, Eva Prescott, and Merete Osler wrote an article titled The Effect of Smoking Reduction on Lung Cancer Risk. It was published in volume 294 of the Journal of the American Medical Association, pages 1505-1511. Answer: Godtfredsen, Prescott, Osler, N.E.M. (2005). The effect of smoking reduction on lung cancer risk. Journal of the American Medical Association, 294, 1505-1511 - Write a reference for an electronic source. Priscilla Long wrote the article Genome Tome for The American Scholar in 2005. It appeared in volume 74, issue 3, on pages 28-42. You accessed the article from a library subscription database called ProQuest on January 19, 2006. Answer: Long, P. (2005). Genome Tome. The American Scholar, 74(3), 28-42. Retrieved from ProQuest - Write a reference for an online newspaper article. Brian X. Chen wrote the article, â€Å"For Some Drives, an Electric Motorcycle Could Be the Best of Both Worlds,† on October 10, 2012. TheShow MoreRelatedEac Research Paper. â€Å"Where There’S Smoke, There’S Fire!†1085 Words   |  5 Pagesfire!† Smoking can be very detrimental to one’s health, something about which many of us Saudi smokers are either unaware of or do not care. Furthermore, numerous men in my country use cigarettes, and some of us have smoked from a young age. Smoking can cause many problems for people of any age, even if they do not utilize tobacco themselves. 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The smoking prevalence in adults has also decreased from 26.7% in 1988 to 15.5% during the first half of 1995 (Cokkinides et al., 2009). Hence, cigarette consumption and smoking prevalence rapidlyRead MoreEffects of Smoking Ban Laws Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Smoking bans are policies, which include occupational safety, regulations regarding health, and criminal laws, which prohibit tobacco smoking in public areas and in work places. The rationale behind these laws is to prevent non-smokers from the effects of second-hand smoke that may among other things result in lung cancer, heart diseases, emphysema and many other diseases. Smoking ban laws make smoking indoors in many countries worldwide illegal, with scientific evidence clearly showing

Pathogenesis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes - 2348 Words

Pathogenesis of diabetes type 1 and 2 Introduction After consumption of food, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose in the digestive system which is then absorbed in the blood causing an increase in the blood glucose levels. This rise stimulates the secretion of insulin from the pancreas beta cells which controls the blood glucose levels. Insulin also allows other cells to allow glucose into them by binding on specific cellular receptors thus facilitating the entry of glucose into the cell. Increased secretion of insulin by the pancreas and its subsequent utilization in the cells leads to low blood glucose levels which then result to decreased secretion of insulin. The production of insulin is also affected by disease which causes the dynamics of blood glucose to change when insulin production decreases, entry of glucose into the cells is inhibited which results to hyperglycemia. A similar situation occurs where the insulin secreted by the pancreas is not properly used by the target cells. Insulin secretion may also increase causing the blood sugar levels to become low which is hypoglycemia where the amount of glucose in tissue cells and muscles is higher than that in blood. Diabetes is the disease that occurs when a persons insulin levels are either too high or too low which results in imbalance in blood glucose levels. Type-1 diabetes occurs in those who produce little or no insulin at all while type-2 diabetes occurs in those who produce too high levels ofShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Diabetes958 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In the year 2013, it is estimated that 382 million people have diabetes; however, this is number will likely increase to 592 million by the year 2035. (1) Among Diabetes types, type2 DM is the most common form of diabetes affecting almost 85-90% of all people with diabetes. 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Individuals that do not have diabetes believe that that they know all the basics and precautions of diabetes, but in all reality many people know very little about what diabetes really is. Understanding what diabetes is, can lead to the knowledge of diabetes association with other diseases

Bulling and Cyberbulling Free Essays

Bulling and cyber bulling is a huge issue in our society and the problem is increasing. According to the American Justice Department this month 1out of four children will be abused by another youth. And since the introduction of technology such as texting, emails and social media sites it has become allot easier for bullies to both bully and bully secretly and almost constantly. We will write a custom essay sample on Bulling and Cyberbulling or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will address the issue of both bullying, harassment and in particular cyber bullies. It will also suggest ways to cope with bulling According to schools. nsw. edu. au bullying is repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behaviour that is harmful and involves the misuse of power by an individual or group towards one or more persons. The Department of Education and Early Childhood Development’s Building Respectful and Safe Schools (2010) identifies four types of bullying. These are: * Physical bullying -Physical bullying is bullying physically including hitting, kicking, tripping, pinching and pushing or damaging property. * Verbal bullying- Verbal bullying is bullying someone using words. For example-name calling, insults, teasing, intimidation, homophobic or racist remarks, or verbal abuse. * Covert bullying- Covert bullying is often harder to recognise and can be carried out behind the bullied person’s back. It is designed to harm someone’s social reputation and/or cause humiliation. Covert bullying includes: lying and spreading rumours, negative facial or physical gestures, menacing or contemptuous looks, playing nasty jokes to embarrass and humiliate, mimicking unkindly, encouraging others to socially exclude someone and damaging someone’s social reputation or social acceptance * Cyber bullying- Cyber bullying is overt or covert bullying behaviours using digital technologies. Examples include harassment via a mobile phone, setting up a defamatory personal website or deliberately excluding someone from social networking spaces. Cyber bullying can happen at any time. It can be in public or in private and sometimes only known to the target and the person bullying. Bulling is not mutual arguments and disagreements, single episodes of social rejection or dislike, single episode acts of nastiness or spite, random acts of aggression or intimidation. The standard definition for harassment is unwanted conduct on the grounds of race, gender, sexual orientation etc. which has the purpose or effect of either violating the claimant’s dignity, or creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment for them. All bulling is harassment but not all harassment is bulling. Bulling has both short term and long term effects for the victims. Although severe long term effects can be avoided by stopping bulling as early as possible. The short term effects can include issues at school (i. e. lower academic achievement), depression and anxiety, increased feelings of sadness and loneliness, changes in sleep and eating patterns, and loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy. These issues may persist into adulthood. In extreme cases bullied children may also have suicidal tendencies. Long term effects can include: a greater risk of depression and lower self-esteem later in later life, more likely to have problems with alcohol and drug use and it is more likely they will have suicidal thoughts Demonstrating assertive behaviour when bullied or harassed can often help reduce bulling. Assertive behaviour is not aggressive. It’s saying things in a direct and honest way. Saying things such as stop it, I don’t like it and what you’re saying isn’t very nice please stop. If you are being bullied or harassed the most important thing to do is tell someone. People like a trusted adult such as a teacher, councillor or parent are all good to tell. If all else fails call a kids or bulling helpline such the kids helpline on 1800 55 1800. Cyber bullying is when a child, preteen or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using the Internet, interactive and digital technologies or mobile phones. It has to have a minor on both sides, or at least have been instigated by a minor against another minor. Once adults become involved, it is plain and simple cyber-harassment or cyber stalking. Adult cyber-harassment or cyber stalking is NEVER called cyber bullying. The actions of a cyber-bully are biasedly verbal bulling over technology. This is includes messaging on a social site, email and texting. There is no way to completely avoid cyber bullies unless you pretty much stop using the computer. But there are things you can do to lessen the chance of being cyber bullied. Firstly if you think you might be being cyber bullied then talk to a trusted adult. Secondly if the bulling is happening over social networking sites then most sites give you the option to block people. If it’s over the phone then talk to your parents about getting a new number. Bibliography http://ncab. org. au/fourkindsofbullying/ 24/8/12 http://www. stopbullying. gov/at-risk/effects/index. html#suicide 24/8/12 http://library. hinkquest. org/07aug/00117/bullyingconsequences. html 24/8/12 http://www. cyberbullying. info/ http://au. reachout. com/Factsheets/C/Cyberbullying http://www. cybersmart. gov. au/Kids/Tips%20to%20stay%20safe%20and%20cybersmart/Cyberbullying. aspx http://www. bullyingnoway. gov. au/ http://www. bullying. com. au/ http://www. youthbeyondblue. com/factsheets-and-info/fact-sheet-20-bullying/ http://www. stopbullying. gov/at-risk/effects/index. htmlhttp://www. racgp. org. au/afp/20 1103/201103carrgregg. pdf How to cite Bulling and Cyberbulling, Essay examples Bulling and Cyberbulling Free Essays Bulling and cyber bulling is a huge issue in our society and the problem is increasing. According to the American Justice Department this month 1out of four children will be abused by another youth. And since the introduction of technology such as texting, emails and social media sites it has become allot easier for bullies to both bully and bully secretly and almost constantly. We will write a custom essay sample on Bulling and Cyberbulling or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will address the issue of both bullying, harassment and in particular cyber bullies. It will also suggest ways to cope with bulling According to schools. nsw. edu. au bullying is repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behaviour that is harmful and involves the misuse of power by an individual or group towards one or more persons. The Department of Education and Early Childhood Development’s Building Respectful and Safe Schools (2010) identifies four types of bullying. These are: * Physical bullying -Physical bullying is bullying physically including hitting, kicking, tripping, pinching and pushing or damaging property. * Verbal bullying- Verbal bullying is bullying someone using words. For example-name calling, insults, teasing, intimidation, homophobic or racist remarks, or verbal abuse. * Covert bullying- Covert bullying is often harder to recognise and can be carried out behind the bullied person’s back. It is designed to harm someone’s social reputation and/or cause humiliation. Covert bullying includes: lying and spreading rumours, negative facial or physical gestures, menacing or contemptuous looks, playing nasty jokes to embarrass and humiliate, mimicking unkindly, encouraging others to socially exclude someone and damaging someone’s social reputation or social acceptance * Cyber bullying- Cyber bullying is overt or covert bullying behaviours using digital technologies. Examples include harassment via a mobile phone, setting up a defamatory personal website or deliberately excluding someone from social networking spaces. Cyber bullying can happen at any time. It can be in public or in private and sometimes only known to the target and the person bullying. Bulling is not mutual arguments and disagreements, single episodes of social rejection or dislike, single episode acts of nastiness or spite, random acts of aggression or intimidation. The standard definition for harassment is unwanted conduct on the grounds of race, gender, sexual orientation etc. which has the purpose or effect of either violating the claimant’s dignity, or creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment for them. All bulling is harassment but not all harassment is bulling. Bulling has both short term and long term effects for the victims. Although severe long term effects can be avoided by stopping bulling as early as possible. The short term effects can include issues at school (i. e. lower academic achievement), depression and anxiety, increased feelings of sadness and loneliness, changes in sleep and eating patterns, and loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy. These issues may persist into adulthood. In extreme cases bullied children may also have suicidal tendencies. Long term effects can include: a greater risk of depression and lower self-esteem later in later life, more likely to have problems with alcohol and drug use and it is more likely they will have suicidal thoughts Demonstrating assertive behaviour when bullied or harassed can often help reduce bulling. Assertive behaviour is not aggressive. It’s saying things in a direct and honest way. Saying things such as stop it, I don’t like it and what you’re saying isn’t very nice please stop. If you are being bullied or harassed the most important thing to do is tell someone. People like a trusted adult such as a teacher, councillor or parent are all good to tell. If all else fails call a kids or bulling helpline such the kids helpline on 1800 55 1800. Cyber bullying is when a child, preteen or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using the Internet, interactive and digital technologies or mobile phones. It has to have a minor on both sides, or at least have been instigated by a minor against another minor. Once adults become involved, it is plain and simple cyber-harassment or cyber stalking. Adult cyber-harassment or cyber stalking is NEVER called cyber bullying. The actions of a cyber-bully are biasedly verbal bulling over technology. This is includes messaging on a social site, email and texting. There is no way to completely avoid cyber bullies unless you pretty much stop using the computer. But there are things you can do to lessen the chance of being cyber bullied. Firstly if you think you might be being cyber bullied then talk to a trusted adult. Secondly if the bulling is happening over social networking sites then most sites give you the option to block people. If it’s over the phone then talk to your parents about getting a new number. Bibliography http://ncab. org. au/fourkindsofbullying/ 24/8/12 http://www. stopbullying. gov/at-risk/effects/index. html#suicide 24/8/12 http://library. hinkquest. org/07aug/00117/bullyingconsequences. html 24/8/12 http://www. cyberbullying. info/ http://au. reachout. com/Factsheets/C/Cyberbullying http://www. cybersmart. gov. au/Kids/Tips%20to%20stay%20safe%20and%20cybersmart/Cyberbullying. aspx http://www. bullyingnoway. gov. au/ http://www. bullying. com. au/ http://www. youthbeyondblue. com/factsheets-and-info/fact-sheet-20-bullying/ http://www. stopbullying. gov/at-risk/effects/index. htmlhttp://www. racgp. org. au/afp/20 1103/201103carrgregg. pdf How to cite Bulling and Cyberbulling, Papers

Supply Chain Appropriate Practices Productive Maintenance

Question: Describe about the Supply Chain Appropriate Practices for Productive Maintenance. Answer: Introduction Travel Blue Ltd is a UK based globally leading travel accessories producing company with the head office located in London. Established in 1986, Travel Blue Ltd focuses on the production of accessories that are essential for travelers. Its initial distribution was focused on the travel retail business like Airports, but currently has a distribution network covering more than 110 countries on the global market. As pointed out by the Flight Center travel group, Travel Blue Ltd is among the top thirteen duty-free retailers. The company values effective Supply Chain Management (SCM) as one of the most valuable ways of improving organizational performance and securing competitive advantage. Supply chain management practices are activities that are adopted in a business with an aim of promoting an effective management of the supply chain. According to Haddad (2012), competition in business is no longer between organizations but among different supply chains. Competitive advantage in return also contributes to a positive impact on the performance of the organization. The practice and understanding of the supply chain management have thus become an essential prerequisite for ensuring effective competition in the global business market. SCM thus recognizes the strategic nature of performance between trading partners with an aim of improving the performance of the organization as well as the whole supply chain. The paper presents details of the analysis of the supply chain appropriate practices of Travel Blue Ltd. The paper presents why customers prefer the company services, delivery of the value proportions, an organization of the company in delivery, gaps in the supply chain, as well as recommendations for better performance (Sarraj et al., 2014). Supply chain management practices of Travel Blue Ltd The supply chain management of Travel Blue Ltd is made up of the logistics, manufacturing and supply, distribution, retailers, and consumers. The company has different consolidated warehouses globally in strategic locations so as to reduce the transportation loading period to retailers and consumers. The company has also given a responsibility to the distributors to manage the inventory and delivery on the assigned market. The distributors ensure the products reach the retailers who in turn sell to the consumers. While targeting the relevant channels of retailers, the distributors act as the medium of marketing channel. The major target customers for the company products are mainly business travelers who are the end users of the company products. As a result, Travel Blue Ltd logistics and supply chain becomes the center for the manufacture, retail, distribution, and finished product. To maintain its performance in the global market, the company should adopt the following supply chain practices; Establishment of a governing council of the supply chain The purpose of the governing council is giving direction and helping in the alignment of the SCM strategy along the overall strategy of the company. The membership of the council should hence include the supply chain organization leader together with the corporate executives, influential company leaders, and business unit managers as pointed out by Sarraj et al. (2014). Ideally, Travel Blue Ltd holds regular meetings to ensure the commitment and endorsement of the senior leadership. Many SCM organizations or companies tend to struggle for recognition since their strategies and objectives differ with the stated strategies and objectives of the organization. The company has adopted a proper governing council that is necessary to prevent the delay through a provision of constant and consistent validation that the SCM strategy correlates directly with the corporate strategies. The proper governing council is also essential in removing barriers to possible success that the organization can achieve. Strategic supply partnership It is the long-term relationship between the suppliers and the organizations. It is designed for leveraging the operational and strategic capabilities of participating organizations to enable them to achieve significant benefits. It helps in emphasizing direct and long-terms associations so as to encourage problem-solving efforts and mutual planning. Such partnerships promote shared benefits among the stakeholders who are willing to share responsibilities for the success of the organization (Maria Christina, 2012). Organizations that are strategically aligned can effectively work together in eliminating wastage of time and resources. Good customer relationships Effective customer relationship consists of an array of practices that are practiced with an aim of managing complaints from customers, building long-term customer relationships, as well as improving customer satisfaction. As pointed out by Haddad (2012), proper customer relationship management is an important component of supply chain practices as committed relationships inherently cubs competition barriers in different facets of the business. The growth of personalized services and mass customization is leading to an era where the customer relationship management is becoming very crucial for a corporate survival of a business according to Chong et al. (2012). Having a good relationship with the customer chain motivates customers to effectively and successfully implement the SCM programs for a mutual benefit of the business. A close customer relationship also allows customers as well as the SCM organization to differentiate the competitors and its products, sustain the loyalty of customers, and promote a drastic extension of the value it provides to the customers. Smyth (2015) in his study points out that good customer relationship is one of the pillars of the SCM as it focuses not only one product supply but also on helping, supporting and building a sustainable community. It thus encourages shaping a better future for the market, customers, and its stakeholders to leverage genuine and collective integrity, accountability, and service delivery. Quality information sharing The sharing of information has two major aspects which are quality and quantity, aspects that are both essential as SCM practices that are independent constructs. The quality aspect of information sharing is defined as the extent at which proprietary and critical information are communicated to a supply chain partner. Shared information can vary from tactical to strategic in nature and from information about customer response to logistics activities and general market. Smyth (2015) points out that the key to seamless supply chain makes available up-to-date and undistorted market data in all the nodes within the supply chain. According to Smyth (2015), information sharing is a solid building block characterizing a stable supply chain and can promote the partners to expand as a single entity. It gives them strength and power to stand the needs of the end customers and timely respond to market changes. The effective use or timely and relevant information within all the supply chain func tional elements is a distinguishing key competitive factor. Empirical study findings by Salteli et al., (2013) reveal that a simplified flow of material such as streaming and making information highly visible to flow throughout the supply chain is a key to an integrated and efficient supply chain. Quality information sharing involves accuracy, adequacy, timeliness, and information credibility. Travel Blue Ltd management has based on the fact that the significance of information sharing and its impact to SCM is dependent on the kind of shared information, how and when it is shared, and the persons involved in sharing the information. The company thus understands their strategic information assets to ensure the information flows with minimum distortion or delay. Sharing of information also enables the company to identify or detect challenges and areas of improvement. The company has thus developed an information model that is responsible for integrating supply chain member that helps in the flow of the company products. Postponement In SCM, postponement involves moving forward different operations such as production, sourcing, or delivery to later times in the supply chain program. The postponement strategy aims at two primary considerations involving the determination of how many steps or which steps to postpone. Postponement gives an organization the flexibility of developing different versions of their products so as to meet the changing customer needs, modify a demand function, or differentiate a product. The act of keeping the company products undifferentiated for a longer period helps in increasing the flexibility of the organization to respond to changes in product delivery and customer demand (Maria Christina, 2012). Postponement also needs to be in line with type of market demand, product, and structure within the logistics and manufacturing systems. Postponement adoption for a SCM is appropriate in different conditions such as product innovation, high monetary density products, a wide range of specialization, long delivery time markets, high demand uncertainty, and low frequency of delivery. Logistic systems or manufacturing with small economies of scales and no specialized knowledge feed can also be considered for the postponement of SCM strategies according to Butilca (2012). With a proper supply chain strategy, Travel Blue Ltd focuses on aggressive marketing as the cornerstone of its culture and strategy. The success of the supply chain department is accorded to diversity in production to meet different demands of the client. The company does not only produce soft drinks but also serves tea, juices, energy drinks, and water. The products are then supplied to multinational while at the same time keeping a focus on other local and international markets. The company also value future development plans that motivates both employees, investors, and customers whose desired needs are met in the process. According to Salteli et al. (2013), the company has won the heart of wholesalers and retailers since it puts into practice different SCM strategies and practices to ensure the market demand is met despite the stiff completion from different companies. Delivery of the value proportion All the above practices can be incorporated in the SCM depending on the type of organization involved. However, there are also basic principles that are required for best planning within the organization so as to promote the delivery of value proportion. These principles involve systematic management of the SCM data from customers, suppliers, and manufacturing resources. It thus requires mature collaboration processes for both suppliers and customers reconciling forecast, usage, or orders as well as synchronizing long-term execution and tactical planning processes, data refresh intervals, and planning horizons according to Chong et al. (2012). The delivery of a value proportion also requires a continuous approach of improvement to understand user or consumer behaviour that is necessary to help in the promotion of a disciplined lifecycle of a product management process. It will thus help in bridging the gap between supply chain and product development. Proper SCM also involves a data-oriented understanding of the forecast inputs such as forecast error, year-end volume variation, and cumulative bias. Supply chain management organizations hence require observing the principles together with the discussed practice to realize positive results and effective completion in the global business market (Butilica, 2012). Organization of the company to deliver Leading practices in effective supply chain planning are vital and abound for the success of the SCM organization. These methods involve the operation and sales planning to the demand management and material requirements necessary for vendor management inventory. With new principles evolving on the supply chain planning, a constant emergency such as demand sensing, demand shaping, and agile response needs to be considered by different SCM organizations. For a company to deliver efficiently, Chong et al. (2012) point out that it is necessary for the enterprise to pick appropriate and necessary leading practices depending on the nature of the market the company serves. The best SCM thus requires the organization to integrate different practices together with the chosen technological platforms of the organization necessary to help in the achievement of the desired competitive performance. Gaps and issues identified in the SCM Travel Blue Ltd as a global company has its supply chain strategy designed into a unique SCM configuration that ensures the objectives of the company are driven forward. The company hence relies on five major building blocks that determine the activities of the supply chain management. These include manufacturing, channel, customer service, asset, and outsourcing strategies. In other circumstances, Butilca (2012) notes that gaps in the supply chain management can occur within the building blocks as a result of; When the manufacturing and optimization strategies are not well defined within the lead time. When the marketing channel strategies are only focused on the local market and not the international markets that have the potential for the future growth. In such cases, expansion of the business to other unreached markets becomes involved. Lack of a well-defined outsourcing strategy for the activities and processes carried out by an organization. Lack of well-defined customer service strategy that leads to failure of defining services according to the importance of every customer. When the asset network plans are not well established in line with the production equipment. Travel Blue Ltd in the process of its SCM is affected by various issues and challenges that affect its management process. For instance, the company lacks a proper flow that initiates information sharing among the entities concerned. This is coupled with delayed updates and restricted reaction time that makes the real-time update of information haring difficult. The company also faces challenges with the forecasting and planning accuracy. As a result, these are a loss of sales as a result of OOS situation at the retail stores coupled with poor response of the retailer towards PSF Sales Return on the available space for the brand. The company thus loses distribution with the key retailers. Recommendations Whenever the gaps mentioned above occur in the process of the supply chain of an organization, it is necessary that the organization takes immediate steps that target at correcting the challenges to prevent gross impacts that might occur (Maria Christina, 2012). Some of the short and long-term key recommendations that can be adopted include; The channel strategies should be used for the indirect distribution channels and customized and standardized products in moving stocks within the country so as to meet the requirements of the retailers. The outsourcing strategy needs to focus on the volume as well as the suppliers competence of the organization. For instance, the appointment holders can instruct an Urgent Air Freight of the company products. The customer service level needs to be defined as a specific service for key accounts of the company. For instance, there is a need for the reduction of the high operation costs involved in warehouse packing, manpower, and freight. Having a well-established strategy consolidation measures to boost the investment level of the organization in different global markets. The company can also adopt the implementation of the 9 step CPFR Model. The model will give the company the opportunity for developing collaboration agreements, creating joint business plans, identifying sales forecast exceptions, and creating forecast on sales. The model will also help in increasing revenue through improved customer satisfaction and product availability; reduce capital investment by optimizing production and reducing storage capacity, and decreasing costs on overtime, inventory, transport cost, and wastage. Conclusion Supply chain management and logistics are some of the most potential ways to secure competitive advantage and improve a business performance on the currently competitive business market. As a result, the process requires the addressing of different issues before successfully implementing supply chain principles within an organization. The issues span from choosing relevant strategies that are in line with the business requirements help in defining critical strategies that are required for the execution of the plan. The whole process hence requires a professional management in logistics and supply chain who will understand the relationship between the facets involved. It is because the supply chain management process is a network that directly involves the flow of products, information, finances, and services from the customer which is a very complex task. It also covers common involvement and communication that may at times go beyond the functional and organizational boundaries. The concept of supply chain management is increasing receiving attention from consultants, academicians, and business stakeholders. Many business organizations have recognized that SCM is a foundation to build sustainable competitive advantage for the services and products in the competitive global market. As a result, SCM practices such as outsourcing, supplier partnership, continuous process flow, information technology, and cycle time compensation among other practices have been embraced in performance improvement of different supply chain organizations. Bibliography Butilca, D. A, Performance in supply chain management, Babes Bolyai University, Cluj. Retrieved September 10, 2012 from doctorat.ubbcluj.ro/sustinerea.../Butilca_Delia_%20Ro.pdf Chong, M. Y., Chin, J. F., Hamzah, H. S, Transfer of total productive maintenance practice to supply chain. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 23,(3/4), 2012, p. 467-488. doi:10.1080/14783363.2011.637788 Flight Centre Travel Group Ltd, Flight Centre Travel Group Ltd MarketLine Company Profile, 2016, 1-19. Haddad, L. (2012). Towards a well-functioning economy: The evolution of economic systems and decision-making. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub. Maria, D., Christina, A, Strengths and weaknesses of current supply chain management and initiatives for the future. Journal of Business Logistics, Volume. 22, no 2, 2012, p. 17-18 Salteli, A., DHombres, B., Jesinghaus, Jerry., Manca, A., Mascherini, Molo., Nardo, M., Saisana, M, Indicators for Successful Supply Chain Management Strategies. Business as Usual? Social Indicators Research, Vol 7, 2014, p197-207. Sarraj, R., Ballot, E., Pan, S., Hakimi, D., Montreuil, B, Interconnected logistic networks and protocols: simulation-based efficiency assessment. International Journal Of Production Research, 52(11), 2014, p. 3185-3208. doi:10.1080/00207543.2013.865853 Smyth, Helows., Supply Chain Management and Project Business Development. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.Volume 3, 2015, pgs 289-309